pro forma

adjective

pro for·​ma (ˌ)prō-ˈfȯr-mə How to pronounce pro forma (audio)
1
: made or carried out in a perfunctory manner or as a formality
2
: based on financial assumptions or projections: such as
a
: reflecting a transaction (such as a merger) or other development as if it had been or will be in effect for a past or future period
a pro forma balance sheet
b
: excluding usually extraordinary charges or expenses (as from acquisitions, restructuring, or the write-down of goodwill) often in order to present a more attractive financial report
pro forma income

Did you know?

A lot of things are done for the sake of appearances. A teacher might get officially observed and evaluated every three years, even though everyone knows she's terrific and the whole thing is strictly pro forma. A critic might say that an orchestral conductor gave a pro forma performance, since his heart wasn't in it. A business owner might make a pro forma appearance at the funeral of a politician's mother, never having met her but maybe hoping for a favor from her son sometime in the future. In business, pro forma has some special meanings; a pro forma invoice, for example, will list all the items being sent but, unlike a true invoice, won't be an actual bill.

Examples of pro forma in a Sentence

The meeting was strictly pro forma, since the decision had already been made.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
The congratulatory message from the new Trump White House on March 19 was decidedly pro forma. Josh Hammer, MSNBC Newsweek, 1 Apr. 2025 Because of the pervasive influence of death and black metal’s dependence on themes of depression, pessimism, and negativity, and dime-store Satanism — some lyrics can seem pro forma. Mikal Gilmore, Rolling Stone, 30 Mar. 2025 The Senate will hold a pro forma session at noon on Thursday. Alexis Simendinger, The Hill, 19 Mar. 2025 My presentation had been arranged back in the fall and had already gone through NARA’s routine vetting process, usually a pro forma confirmation that affiliated programs are of high quality and based on research using the National Archives’ rich resources. Elaine Weiss, The Atlantic, 6 Mar. 2025 See All Example Sentences for pro forma

Word History

Etymology

Latin, for form

First Known Use

1823, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of pro forma was in 1823

Browse Nearby Words

Cite this Entry

“Pro forma.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pro%20forma. Accessed 13 Apr. 2025.

Legal Definition

pro forma

adjective
pro for·​ma prō-ˈfȯr-mə How to pronounce pro forma (audio)
1
: made or carried out in a perfunctory manner or as a formality
2
: provided or made in advance to describe items or projections
a pro forma invoice
Etymology

Latin, for the sake of form

Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
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